Garlic is a staple in kitchens around the world, known for its robust flavor and health benefits. However, what many consumers may not realize is that much of the garlic found on grocery store shelves is imported from China. In fact, China is the world’s largest garlic producer, responsible for around 80% of global garlic production. While imported garlic may be convenient, it raises concerns about sustainability, quality control, and food miles—the distance food travels from farm to table. For residents of Eastern North Carolina, there is a simple and rewarding alternative: growing your own garlic.

Garlic is one of the easiest crops to grow, and Eastern North Carolina’s climate is ideal for producing garlic. With a little preparation, garlic can thrive in backyard gardens, and it can even be used in border plantings to help monitor animal activity in your garden. By growing garlic locally, you not only enjoy fresher, more flavorful bulbs, but you also reduce your carbon footprint and contribute to a more sustainable food system.

Why Grow Garlic at Home?

Garlic imported from China travels thousands of miles before it reaches your kitchen, often losing freshness and quality along the way. Additionally, concerns have been raised about the agricultural practices used in large-scale garlic production, including the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides that may not meet the same safety standards as those in the United States.

On the other hand, homegrown garlic offers several benefits. It’s fresher, typically more flavorful, and free from chemical treatments. Plus, growing garlic is a low-maintenance project that even novice gardeners can tackle. It requires minimal space, making it perfect for small yards or even container gardens, and it stores well for months, allowing you to enjoy your harvest throughout the year.

How to Grow Garlic in Eastern North Carolina

Garlic is best planted in the fall, typically between October and November, before the first hard frost. The cloves should be planted about two inches deep, with the pointed end facing up, and spaced four to six inches apart in well-drained soil. Garlic prefers full sun and benefits from regular watering, especially during dry periods.
(NC State Extension, 2020)

Once planted, garlic requires little care beyond occasional weeding and mulching to protect it from cold winter temperatures. In the spring, garlic will begin to send up green shoots, which eventually develop into bulbs. By early summer, the garlic will be ready to harvest. Simply wait until the lower leaves turn brown and begin to dry out, then gently pull the bulbs from the soil.
(University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, 2020)

Using Garlic to Monitor Animal Activity

In addition to its culinary uses, garlic can also play a practical role in protecting your garden from animal intruders. By planting garlic in the borders of your garden, you can create a natural perimeter that helps you track the movements of animals like rabbits, deer, or even stray cats. Animals tend to avoid garlic, making it a good natural deterrent. Additionally, any disturbances in the garlic border, such as trampled plants or missing bulbs, can give you clues about which animals are entering your garden.

Fresh, Local, and Sustainable

While imported garlic from China may be convenient, it’s not necessary when Eastern North Carolina offers ideal conditions for growing garlic right in your backyard. Not only is homegrown garlic fresher and more flavorful, but it also supports a sustainable lifestyle by reducing reliance on long-distance imports. Plus, with the added benefit of using garlic as a garden border to monitor animal activity, there’s no reason not to give this versatile plant a try. With a little time and effort, you can enjoy the taste and satisfaction of growing your own garlic, knowing that it hasn’t traveled halfway around the world to reach your table.

Interested in Learning How to Grow Garlic at Home?

If you’re interested in learning how to grow garlic at home, join the Beaufort County Extension Master Gardener℠ Volunteers for a hands-on workshop on October 19, from 10:00 to 11:30 a.m. at the N.C. Cooperative Extension, Beaufort County Center. This class is free and open to gardeners of all skill levels. Whether you’re a beginner or looking to refine your garlic-growing techniques, this workshop will provide valuable tips for success. To reserve your spot, call 252-946-0111 to register today!

References:

• NC State Extension. (2020). Garlic Production in North Carolina.
• University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. (2020). Growing Garlic in Home Gardens.

Written by Angela Mason Foster
Extension Master Gardener℠ Volunteer

If you are having an issue in your home garden or landscape, send your questions to Gene Fox, Consumer Horticulture Agent with the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, please email Gene at gene_fox@ncsu.edu or call at (252)946-0111. Check out our Facebook page, Beaufort County Master Gardeners, for The Plant of the Week and Finding Info Friday!